Vacuum-brake apparatus



(No Model.)

F. W. EAMES.

Vacuum Brake Apparatus.

No. 241,332. Patented May1o,f1881.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

FREDERICK YV. EAMES, OF WTATERTOVN, NEl/V YORK.

VACUUM-BRAKE APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 241,332, dated May 10, 18E-.1.

Application filed October 2li, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, FREDERICK W. EAMES, a citizen of the United States, residing` at lVatertown, in the county of J efferson and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vacuum-Brake Apparatus, (Case J5) andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the artto which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or Iigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification, the same having been patented to me by the government of Great Britain by Letters Patent No. 616, dated February 19, 1879.

My present invention relates to vacuumbrake apparatus; and it consists in the arrangement and construction of two pistons or diaphragms or sacks attached to leverages of diferentpowers, said leverages being provided with a connectingrod, whereby, upon the air being exhausted from both sacks, pistons, or diaphragms, the levers will be maintained in a state of equilibrium, and upon the admission ot' air to one ofthe chambers the balance will be destroyed and the bra-kes applied.

Figure l illustrates a sectional view, showing my improvement, and Fig. 2 a similar view of a modification ofthe same.

Theinvention further consists in a novel construction and arrangement of two pistons, diaphragms, or sacks in such a manner that the slack of the brakes may be rapidly taken up by one vessel, upon which another vessel is brought into act-ion, whereby the brakes are set in action with great power.

a a represent collapsible vessels. The vessels represented in Fig. l are of the same diameter, the vessel a', however, being of larger capacity than theother. These vessels or sacks are placed on the opposite sides of an immovable partition, b, tted with a clack-valve, c, which opens toward the smaller sack. Attached to the rigid heads of these sacksare le` vers d df, which are pivoted at e to some suitl able attachment to the car, andare connected at their outer extremities bya rigid rod, j'. The pivots e e, it will be seen, are so arranged as to give the sack a greater leverage than the sack a.

(No model.) Patented in England February 19, 1879.

h is a vacuum-tube openinginto the smaller sack, and serving to exhaust both sacks through the valve c in the partition between them. The pipe It also admits air to the sack a.

The operation is as follows: Supposing the rod j' to be rigidly connected to the brakes, or otherwise, on applying the exhaust to the pipe h. the air contained in the sacks aa will be withdrawn therefrom. During this operation the pressure of air on the head of the sack et will, through the arrangement of lever (l d! and rod f, extend the sack a', and thereby hold ott' the brakes. So soon, however, as air is admitted by the pipe 7L to the sack atl-,1e reverse action will take place, the clack-valve c closing and preventing the admission of air to the sack a. rlhe inward movement of the head ot' the sack a will cause the rod f to move in the direction of the arrow, and thereby put the brakes in action.

In the inodilication shown in Fig. 2 of the arrangement just described, a a representltwo collapsible vessels. The shells of these vessels are preferably formed in one piece, which is rigidly secured to the under side of the car frame or truck, the. division between constituting a fixed head. Acentral opening is made in this head to bring the exible vessels into communication with each other, and this opening is closed by a clack-valve, c Both vessels are exhausted from th'epipet. The diaphragm ot' the vessel a is connected with one of the brake-levers, and it is fitted internally with a stud, c. As this vessel is exhausted to put on the brakes it will collapse and rapidly advance the brakes to their work. At the same time the stud o will strike the valve c and open it, thus putting both vessels into communication with the exhaust apparatus. The diaphragm of the second vessel, a', now moving inward under the effect of the exhaust apparatus, will, by reason of its being connected with brakele vers, re-enforce the action of the first vessel and apply the brakes.

It will be obvious that a like result may be obtained by coupling two shells together and causing the movement of the diaphragm of one to bring the other shell into direct connection with the brake pipe or reservoir, the rods of the two diaphragms being connected with the same lever or yarrangement of levers.

In all cases the above-named sack or da IOL) phragm devices may be attached to supplementary reservoirs, or they may have suffi cient capacity to constitute reservoirs ot' themselves.

Having described my invention, whatJ I claim is- 1. In a i-'acuum-brake apparatus, the combination ot' two pistons, diaphragms, or sacks provided with the valve c, in both ot' which a vacuum is maintained, with the levers d d of di'erent leverages, and a counectingrod, f,

,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A double vacuunrchamber, t a', having,` a fixed head and valve, c, in common, the piston or diaphragm of one chamber, a, adapted, by 

